All posts by darklight

Changes are coming

The majority of posts on this blog are in the process of being reposted on Steemit. This post can act as verification for any Steemit bots which might mistakenly flag these posts as plagiarism.

These are my public keys;
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Anyone who posts from here must have the same public key or it’s not from the original author.

Cloud robotics decentralized will be blockchain robotics

“Cloud robotics” will evolve into “blockchain robotics” because blockchains can easily produce decentralized clouds. A decentralized cloud can be produced (blockchain+DHT=decentralized cloud) and blockchains are basically just decentralized databases. The blockchain will provide a feedback loop for robots.

Google is not even necessary for the cloud or for “cloud robotics” because blockchain tech can be used instead.

Automated capitalism and it’s implications

Automated corporations (drone corporations)

If we look at a probable evolutionary trajectory for corporations there is evidence that as technology becomes more sophisticated we will  see the rise of the automated corporation.  Thinking of the “drones” metaphorically speaking as automated corporations of some sort can help readers to make sense of how voluntary basic capital, voluntary basic income, and reputation, can converge in an automated capitalist economy where humans are supported primarily by automated corporations (drone corporations).

To have a full understanding would require thinking of the humans as inherent shareholders, and the human is maintained in the loop on a community or tribal level by programmatically authorizing a percentage of shares to all verified humans, and the drone simply gives dividends (profit sharing) to each human.

Reputation


Human beings by instinct usually want to maintain a good reputation in their community, drones can be programmed quite easily to care about the social consensus of the network.  The social consensus of a network would be how drones maintain good reputations. Drones could profit as corporations do now, but support humans as inherent shareholders. This would transition the human labourer from being the “worker” into being the shareholder over time. The humans during this transition will be encouraged to pay voluntary transaction taxes to support their selected community.

 Voluntary basic income

 

Voluntary basic income is facilitated through transaction taxes which both humans and drones pay. In order for the humans and drones to maintain membership in their communities, some which may be exclusive, they must agree to the rules of the community which may include paying transaction taxes. This would be similar to the fair tax, the same tax which many libertarians endorse, and it would be a tax on every transaction which means it would apply to drones as well as humans. As the economy becomes more automated the number of humans who pay transaction taxes may become far outnumbered by the number of drones paying the tax which means after a certain threshold the economic activity of the drones may fully support the welfare of humanity.

Voluntary basic capital

Voluntary basic capital can leverage the evolution of the economy from a human based employment economy into an automated economy. Voluntary basic capital can help human beings make the transition from employment-based income to investment-based income. Voluntary basic capital promotes capitalism by making all humans a stakeholder.

Smart drones (automated corporations)


Smart drones or automated corporations are the linchpin which could make voluntary basic income and voluntary basic capital economically viable. Typically we have UAVs which are unmanned aerial  vehicles, and drones are usually recognized as flying robots. In my metaphor I use the phrase “smart drone” to mean a robot which is programmed to profit and which may in fact be self owned, partially owned, or part of a swarm. An automated corporation is a corporation which does not need any permanently employed human labor to run itself and which can profit. Smart drones also known as automated corporations may from time to time contract human labor for specific tasks such as for instance a self driving car which requires a human to repair it, but it keeps it’s profits as it’s own just as a vending machine would do.

Some memorable points

  • Reputation is the mechanism which enforces responsible behavior. In the case of human beings it will be inclusion in a community, where they cost of their continued inclusion is to agree to the social consensus of that community.  No community is obligated to accept anyone as a member who does not meet their qualifications, and if maintaining a membership badge requires they give to charity, or pay a transaction tax, then just as with Bitcoin, or with Proof of Stake, the transaction fees as a price of membership.  Drones may also seek to maintain reputation credits, and anyone will be able to rate drones or entire networks of drones on reputation. A human friendly drone could be the drone which is certified by a community of shareholders.
  • Transaction taxes are a  mechanism of producing basic income. In the near term the majority of transaction taxes may be paid for by human beings. In the long term the majority of transaction taxes may be paid for by drones, by non-human labor sources. Examples of drone corporations may include self driving delivery vehicles which are paid by a human to delivery groceries, but like a corporation these self driving delivery vehicles may collect profits from their economic activities, and these profits could be used to secure parking spaces, repairs, and  to provide an equivalent of dividends to a community of humans.
  • Dividends would be the result of the basic capital ownership rights that all humans in the community could have. The basic capital approach would be pure capitalism, philosophically compatible with anarcho-capitalism, and mainstream libertarianism. Shareholders in these automated corporations also known as drone corporations could benefit from the rise of the automated economy.
  • Human based drudge labor is slowly being phased out and this isn’t a bad thing. The working class can join the investor class instead of having to try to compete with robots. Additionally for shareholders there could be dramatic efficiency gains when human labor is minimized, due to the productivity per dollar. This isn’t to imply that there will not be jobs which only human beings can do, or which human beings are most suited for, but it means that it is possible to have an economy where human beings are supported entirely by automation. Automated capitalism is an illustration of a society which can be built where all humans are supported by automation, where the cost of living decreases as the cost of automation decreases and AI is made ubiquitous.

 

References

Are we ready for companies that run themselves? – David Morris – Aeon. (2014, January). Retrieved from http://aeon.co/magazine/technology/are-we-ready-for-companies-that-run-themselves/

Kelion, L. (2015, February). Could driverless cars own themselves? – BBC News. Retrieved from http://www.bbc.com/news/technology-30998361

Pangburn, D. (2015). The Humans Who Dream Of Companies That Won’t Need Us | Fast Company | Business + Innovation. Retrieved from https://www.fastcompany.com/3047462/the-humans-who-dream-of-companies-that-wont-need-them

The dangers of decentralized ransom networks

The danger of distributed ransom networks

Anonymity has it’s risks and it’s benefits. One of the dangers of anonymity is that it can empower ransomware makers to do distributed ransom attacks. Because the development of ransomware can be done in a distributed fashion and the payout for the ransom can be disbursed in distributed fashion these sorts of markets will likely form to leverage anonymity.

Denial of service attacks could be launched upon certain services or businesses. Hacks can take place where criminals can encrypt information in such a way that the key is broken and disseminated to the group. The group itself could be spread across multiple jurisdictions.

And before I could finish writing this blog post there is the release of the first Rasomware as a Service. It is only a matter of time before we see more of this so it would be a good idea to begin taking precautions the easiest of which is to simply not store Bitcoins on an electronic device. If you must store it electronically then do not store your keys all in once place by using 2 of 3  multisig or buy a Trezor hardware wallet.

Ciphertext Policy Attribute Based Encryption, Smart Contracts and Curiosume

  • Resumes become –> Personal APIs.
  • Perosnal APIs represent –> Attributes.


Ciphertext Policy Attribute Based Encryption can provide access control by Personal API.

This would allow for a smart contract to hire algorithmically, to form emergent social networks automagically by Personal API, and to restrict access to individuals who have the attributes necessary by using CP-ABE with Personal APIs.

What is Ciphertext Policy Attribute Based Encryption (CP-ABE)?

Ciphertext Policy Attribute Based Encryption is a relatively new kind of encryption where access control is set according to attributes. The policy determines which attributes are required for access to the confidential data.  In specific  CP-ABE has use cases which include protecting health records, securing communications networks,  and more. A benefit of this granular approach to access control is that privacy can be better preserved  while limiting the necessary trust requirements in specific individuals. In CP-ABE any individuals who match the attributes and only these individual will be allowed access.

What are smart contracts?

Smart contracts are able to function as self enforcing scripts which can automate processes such as hiring, firing, pairing, and more. Participants can be paired algorithmically according to the knowledge they have by smart contracts.

What is Curiosume?

Curiosume helps to account for intangible knowledge assets. It is an analog to digital converter for knowledge assets. It will be interesting to see how knowledge assets can be allocated by artificial intelligence should an artificial intelligence layer be built up on top of Curiosume. Curiosume puts the individual in control of their data as owners and with the digital personal API which functions like a public key the data is  only meaningful when paired with a private key.

WiKid (Wisdom, Innovation, Knowledge, Information, Data) Tools allow for the creation of social currencies. Innovation can be valued and transformed into an asset using WiKid Tools. Because it curiosume allows for mathematical representation and observation of a network of knowledge assets it allows for predictive analysis.

 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zS1WCyEJV3U

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m_-JkUI5ATE

 

 

References

Roy, S., & Chuah, M. (2009). Secure data retrieval based on ciphertext policy attribute-based encryption (CP-ABE) system for the DTNs. Lehigh CSE Tech. Rep.

Safe to Fail Probes

The freedom to fail

In video games learning takes place because the players are not afraid to die. As a result of this freedom to fail a lot of experimentation takes place and over time learning takes place. Hackers tend to think in a similar fashion and the art of “fuzzing” is similar in that it attempts to make the system fail by trying to push the boundaries of the application design. In essence these are both “brute force” solution discovery methods where essentially trial and error are used in a systematic way. It may take many failures to achieve a success which is why there has to be a freedom to fail.

What are safe to fail probes?

The safe to fail probe is an experimental technique which can be applied in complex adaptive systems to discover new knowledge. Dave Snowden pioneered safe to fail probes and one of the key points is that each experiment should be different. It’s important to not have 20 out of 100 people all trying the same experiment.

Blockchain based distributed autonomous communities are not inherently chaotic

Despite how things may seem in the media the blockchain based decentralized community is not inherently chaotic. It is a complex adaptive system where order exists but it is too complicated to deal with using the top down approach. It is inflexible to think of blockchain communities as corporations because typically a corporation is a top down hierarchy, has public leadership roles, and is fairly predictable in how it operates with changes taking place rather slowly. The decentralized communities do not operate like corporations but at the same time are not “anarchy” in the sense that it’s a lawless “wild west”.  The law of the decentralized community is encoded into the software that each individual must run.

To think of each blockchain and or DApp as an experiment is to allow for the idea that a blockchain can be like a safe to fail probe.  The only way to discover what is or isn’t possible in a completely new environment is to probe the environment through multiple simultaneous experiments. So just as distributed sousveillance can allow a blockchain to probe an environment to create collective intelligence a similar approach can be used to decentralize knowledge generation through safe to fail probes.

Blockchains are distributed sensor networks

This will become clear as prediction markets utilizing distributed oracles show that the consensus (Schelling point/focual point) of truth can be identified. Methods such as using prediction markets, powered by zero knowledge proofs, oracles, connected to a blockchain are quite powerful. This means perspective is valuable for determining the truth of any event and the blockchain can combine globally distributed perspectives of an event or situation in a quantifiable way. Additionally this has implications for distributed autonomous security systems as well which at this time have not been fully explored or exploited.

A problem with blockchain maximalism (one blockchain to rule them all)

One of the major problems with blockchain maximalism is that while it does promote the network effect of the winning blockchain it doesn’t actually contribute to the process which led to the innovation of the blockchain itself. In an environment where there is a diversity of blockchains where many attempts are being made to innovate or to find solutions to previously unsolved problems then you have a way to experimentally probe the space which I’ll call the “search space” to find the optimal solution to a problem.  It allows more developers (and more minds in general) to attack the same problem with similar economic incentives to the incentives of the early Bitcoin adopters had.

Viewed as a complex adaptive system the evolutionary process is artificially slowed if we stop experimenting. If we stop experimenting then it will take longer for us to learn the optimal algorithms, ways of doing things, and methods for self management/self regulation of this new space.

A problem with funding too many versions of the same experiment

One of the problems in the current blockchain tech community is that VCs and entrepreneurs seem to think very much in orthodoxy. A lot of money is flowing into duplications of the same experiments while some of the truly unique experiments don’t receive funding. As a result there are dozens of exchanges, wallets, and similar services which don’t actually innovate much except in marketing yet which are being flooded with cash. A likely result is a lot of these duplicates will fail, will be consolidated, and while this is good in some ways it is not good in all ways. Companies which truly bring innovative new ideas to the space should be given a chance to monetize them and build out but at the same time a lot of businesses are being built just to make money rather than to improve on how something is being done.

References

Snowden, D. (2010). Safe-fail probes. www. cognitive-edge. com/method. php.

 

Snowden, D. J., & Boone, M. E. (2007). A leader’s framework for decision making. harvard business review, 85(11), 68.